Vol. 11, Issue 1, Part B (2024)

Author(s): Konan Fabrice Assouho, Négnorogo Guindo Coulibaly, Danielle Dounin Zoh, Akissi Elodie Clarisse Anoh, Emmanuel Tia, Agnimou Malanfoua Cécile Sadia-Kacou, Nadro Wago Maimouna Kroko-Djahouri, Mintokapieu Didier Stéphane Kpan, Moussa Koné, Konan Rodolphe Mardoché Azongnibo and Akré Maurice Adja

Abstract: Malaria is caused by parasites transmitted to people through the infected bites of female Anopheles mosquitoes. On the Ivorian coast, very few studies have been carried out on these vectors. The current study aimed to assess the involvement of malaria vectors in the transmission of malaria in Koukourandoumi and Baba, two rural areas of the Ivorian coast. Mosquitoes were collected by Human Landing Catches and Pyrethrum Spray Catches. Plasmodium falciparum species in these mosquitoes was identified by the ELISA-CSP technique. Behavioural data was also collected. The present study revelated the three malaria vector species in Côte d’Ivoire (An. gambiae, An. nili and An. funestus). An. gambiae was the most common Anopheles species in Koukourandoumi, whereas An. nili was the most abundant in Baba. The An. gambiae females feed indoor while An. nili feeds outdoor. Malaria vectors showed a low aggressiveness (<7 bites/person/night). The infection rates for An. gambiae were 1.73% and 4.40% in Baba and in Koukourandoumi respectively. For An. nili, these rates were 1.45% and 0% in Baba and in Koukourandoumi respectively. No An. funestus were infected. This study showed that An. gambiae is the only vector of malaria in Koukourandoumi. However, in Baba, An. gambiae and An. nili are responsible for malaria transmission, with An. nili accounting for most of the malaria transmission. This study shows the implication of An. nili in malaria transmission in these areas and the complexity of the malaria vectorial system that should be considered for any malaria control strategy.

DOI: 10.22271/23487941.2024.v11.i1b.753