Vol. 10, Issue 5, Part A (2023)

Extensive insecticide use for mosquito-borne disease control has led to resistant mosquito strains, undermining effectiveness. This study assessed the efficacy of Sphaeranthus Indicus flower extracts against Aedes Aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, major vectors of dengue, chikungunya, lymphatic filariasis and malaria etc. Extracts were evaluated for larvicidal and pupicidal effects, and LC₅₀ values were calculated. The hexane and methanol extracts demonstrated significant larvicidal activity with LC₅₀ values of 134.18 ppm and 116.54 ppm for Aedes Aegypti, and 115.96 ppm and 114.91 ppm for Culex quinquefasciatus, respectively. The methanol extract also exhibited effective pupicidal activity with LC₅₀ values of 172.90 ppm (Aedes Aegypti) and 126.98 ppm (Culex quinquefasciatus). Ovicidal activity was not observed. These findings suggest the potential of Sphaeranthus Indicus extracts as natural alternatives to chemical insecticides for controlling disease-carrying mosquitoes. Further research should consider safety, environmental impact, and cost-effectiveness before integrating these extracts into vector control programs, as alternatives to conventional insecticides.