Vol. 6, Issue 1, Part A (2019)

Author(s): Awa Gnémé, Justine Kaboré, Komandan Mano and Gustave Boureima Kabré

Abstract: Urban populations are growing rapidly, particularly in West Africa and this has a major implication for the risk and control of malaria. In the city of Ouagadougou, knowledges about malaria transmission and its vector ecology is not sufficient for appropriate vector control measures. Three districts of the city of Ouagadougou were selected using a geographical approach that took into account the city heterogeneity. This approach was based on the analysis of the level of urbanization leading to urban and peri-urban sites. Timely adult mosquitoes and larva collection were done. Collected mosquitoes were identified and sorted by physiological status and genus. Blood meals sources and Plasmodium circumsprozoite Protein were assessed for anopheline mosquitoes. In total, 10158 mosquitoes including 7555 adults and 2603 larvae were caught. The population was composed of 71.9% of Culex spp., 22.2% of Aedes spp., 5.7% of Anopheles spp. and 0.2% of Mansonia spp. The majority of Anopheles specimens were caught in peri-urban area (66.7% for Yamtenga and 17.5% for Zongo); while only few anophelines were found in urban setting (Dapoya, 15.8%). Puddles and metal dishes were found to be the productive breeding sites for anopheline mosquitoes. The most important part of blood meal source were human (66.7%) with some being mixed blood meal. A large amount of undetermined sources (21.1%) were found in peri-urban area leading to some animals sources not recognized in our antigen set. Plasmodium infection rate was 08.05% with the infectious mosquitoes found to be more prevalent in peri-urban setting (91.7%) compared to urban area (8.3%). These data are crucial to assess the risk of malaria transmission in the city of Ouagadougou.