Malaria transmission indices of two dominant anopheles species in selected rural and urban communities in Benue state North Central, Nigeria

Authors: Celina O Aju-Ameh, Samson T Awolola, Georgina S Mwansat and Hayward B Mafuyai
An entomological survey was piloted to generate baseline entomological data in some communities in Benue State where such information was not previously available. Indoor resting mosquitoes were captured using Pyrethrum Spray Catch (PSC) in 2015. Of the 1,734 mosquitoes captured 276 (16%), were Anopheles species. Molecular assays revealed the presence of Anopheles gambiae sensu. stricto and Anopheles arabiensis. Human blood meal source was within the range of 97% to 100% clearly expressing a high degree of human-vector contact. Circumsporozoite (CS) proteins infection status of engorged female species were determined by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The calculated Sporozoite Infection Rate (SR) for rural was 1.9% and 0% for urban communities respectively. The Entomological Inoculation Rates (EIR) recorded was 0.4% per person per night culminating in an annual 146 infective bites per person per year. Our observed data highlights some malaria risk indices in the study communities.

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